Abstract
Goal. Harmonization system for determining potato wart causative agent as European union requirements for determination infectious load degree in Ukrainian sources.
 Methods. The field inspection was conducted as per the Standard PM3/59(3) and as per methodological recommendations for the samples extraction during the process of quarantine inspection and expertise. The winter zoosporangia causative agents conducted with calcium chloride and kaolin solution usage and flotation in sodium iodide solution.
 Results. The highest infectious load by zoosporangium disease pathogen was determined in observed 11 settlements in 4 regions of Ukraine from 39 to 43 zoosporangium on 1g of soil in Ivano-Frankivsk region, 49 in Lviv region, 65 — in Zakarpattia and Chernivtsi regions. The highest quantity of potato wart zoosporangium (to 65) was determined during the soils samples extraction as per the Protocole PM3/59(3) There were determined to 97.6% of potato wart zoosporangium in soil’s samples by flotation method in solutions with calcium chloride and kaolin. The researched soil’s sample weight decreased in twice or four times for the best pathogen identification in sources with high infectious load of disease agent. So kaolin is a white clay it paints zoosporangium in white color with next their masking That is why the causative agent viability determining treated by 3% hydrogen peroxide and painting by Coomassie Blue solution. The flotation method in sodium iodide with simultaneous determining pathogen viability, because sodium iodide painted them in intensive yellow colour.
 Conclusions. Soil samples extraction as per European Standard EPPO PM 3/59(3) was the most effective for determining potato wart zoosporangium. The technique for determining sodium iodide usage was the most favorable for extraction potato wart zoosporangium in disease sources. This technique allowed to determine and identify viability of pathogen winter zoosporangium. It was necessary to recommend the decrease the soil load in 2—4 times and for the next viability evaluation of winter zoosporangium with next painting by 0.5% solution of Coomassie Blue during the usage of solution calcium chloride and kaolin.
Highlights
Найнебезпечнішою хворобою картоплі для України є рак, який викликає внутрішньоклітинний облігатний патоген Synchytrium endo bioticum Schilbersky Percival [1]
The highest quantity of potato wart zoosporangium was determined during the soils samples extraction as per the Protocole PM3/59(3) There were determined to 97.6% of potato wart zoosporangium in soil’s samples by flotation method in solutions with calcium chloride and kao lin
It was necessary to recommend the decrease the soil load in 2—4 times and for the viability evaluation of winter zoosporangium with painting by 0.5% solution of Coomassie Blue during the usage of solution calcium chloride and kaolin
Summary
За використання української методики екстракції із зразків ґрунту зимуючих зооспорангіїв S. endobioticum (флотацією у розчині натрію йодистого) встановлено високий рівень інфекційного навантаження в цих вогнищах, який становив 41—65 життєздатних зооспорангіїв в 1 г ґрунту. Майже такий рівень інфекційного навантаження встановлено і за використання європейської методики (екстрагування за допомогою розчину кальцію хлористого та каоліну) — 41—65 життєздатних зооспорангіїв в 1 г ґрунту, що вказує на 96,5—99,9% ефективність такої методики у порівнянні із українською 2. Ефективність європейського методу виявлення зооспорангіїв збудника раку картоплі у вогнищах хвороби України (2018—2020 рр.)
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