Abstract

The tautomerism of dialkyl phosphonate between P(III) and P(V) species is applied to a variety of synthetic transformations, including reductive dehalogenation and palladium-catalyzed phophonation. Low-valent vanadiums contribute to reductive transformations as observed in catalytic reduction of organic halides. Catalytic pinacol coupling reaction is induced by vanadiums or titaniums in the presence of a chlorosilane and a co-reductant zinc. Use of the heterobimetallic catalyst permits the selective cross-coupling. Samarium(II) compounds are also used for the reduction reactions. Using Lewis acidity with one-electron oxidation capability of oxovanadium(V) compounds, oxidative transformations of carbonyl compounds are developed. Silyl enol ethers and boron enolates undergo selective oxidative coupling. Organic substituents of main-group organometallic compounds are coupled by oxidation with oxovanadium(V) compounds to give ligand coupling products. Bio-inspired and environmentally harmonic vanadium-catalyzed halogenation is attained in the presence of halide anion and Lewis or Bronsted acid under molecular oxygen to give halogenated compounds.

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