Synthesization of Nanostructured Titanium Dioxide at Low Molarity of Sol-Gel Process

Abstract

Titanium dioxide, TiO2 is one of the semiconductor materials. The aim of this paper is to determine the production of TiO2 by sol-gel method. The sol-gel method used because this method is quite simple compare to other methods such as dip-coated and refractive sputtering. The parameter will be used in this paper is the concentration. The sol-gel TiO2 solution then spin coated on the glass substrate to form homogenous and transparent thin film. The thin film was coated at 8 layers to adjust the refractive index characteristics and to get the clear images during characterize by spin coating technique. Other than that, this work also to get the band gap energy similar to the standard bandgap for TiO2. The optical properties such as absorption and transmittance of TiO2 can be done by Ultraviolet-visible Spectroscopy (UV-Vis). The changes on the surface morphology were observed using Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM). Based on the result, higher the molarity of TiO2, the uniformity of the surface morphology, and the energy bandgap is much better. Higher the molarity, the bandgap will be lower with 0.1M (3.78 eV) and its too large compare to the standard value (3.2 eV).