Synthesis, Structural, and Electrical Properties of Pure PbTiO3Ferroelectric Ceramics

Vijendra A Chaudhari,Govind K Bichile

doi:10.1155/2013/147524

Vijendra A Chaudhari, Govind K Bichile

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/147524

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Abstract

Single-phase polycrystalline samples of lead titanate with perovskite structure have been synthesized using solid-state reaction technique. The processing parameters have been optimized to obtain phase pure, dense, crack-free, and homogeneous samples. The sintering behavior of PT-powders has been investigated using X-ray diffraction patterns. The X-ray powder diffraction data have been analyzed to confirm the phase formation and phase purity, to obtain unit cell parameters and unit cell volume. The porosity of the samples has been obtained through X-ray density and bulk density. The average particle sizes of the phase pure samples were obtained from the X-ray peak width using Scherrer’s formula. The influence of sintering temperature and time on the microstructure of samples has also been studied by carrying out SEM investigations. The notable feature of this microstructure study shows that the samples sintered at 900°C for 12 hours possess a fairly uniform grain distribution. The electrical behavior (complex impedance Z*, complex permittivityε*, etc.) of the samples sintered at 900°C for 12 hours has been studied by complex impedance spectroscopy. The temperature variation of real permittivity gives evidence of the ferroelectric phase transition as well as of the relaxation behavior.

Highlights

Crystals of the perovskitefamily, such as PbTiO3, BaTiO3, SrTiO3 and, have been of constant interest because some ofthese materials show ferroelectric behavior and undergo structural phase transitions [1]
We report our studies on electrical properties of PT samples using complex impedance spectroscopy technique
The frequency dependent properties of a material can be described via the complex permittivity (ε∗), complex impedance (Z∗), and dielectric loss or dissipation factor

Summary

Introduction

Crystals of the perovskitefamily, such as PbTiO3, BaTiO3, SrTiO3 and, have been of constant interest because some ofthese materials show ferroelectric behavior and undergo structural phase transitions [1]. Smart Materials Research the preparation of an ultrafine, sintering-reactive PbTiO3 powder Almost all these chemistry routes require calcination of the precursors at an elevated temperature to develop the desired PbTiO3 phase. The frequency dependent properties of a material can be described via the complex permittivity (ε∗), complex impedance (Z∗), and dielectric loss or dissipation factor (tan δ) These complex parameters are interrelated to one another as follows: Z∗. The term intrinsic properties of the material referred to the properties attributed to structure/microstructure (i.e., grain interior or bulk, grain boundary, etc.) These properties govern the distribution of resistive and capacitive components in the material on which the relaxation time depends. The temperature and frequency variation of the electrical properties has been investigated

Experimental Procedures

Results and Discussion

Conclusions