Abstract
Creating a sustainable and effective approach to handling organic contaminants from industrial waste is an ongoing problem. In the present study, ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) were synthesized under a controlled ultrasound cavitation technique using the extract of Passiflora foetida fruit peels, which act as a reducing (i.e., reduction of metal salt) and stabilizing agent. The formation of monodispersed and hexagonal morphology (average size approximately 58 nm with BET surface area 30.83m2/g). The synthesized ZnO NPs were characterized by a various technique such as UV–visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Dynamic light scattering (DLS). Further, the XRD pattern confirmed the hexagonal wurtzite structure of synthesized ZnONPs. The ZnO NPs exhibit excellent degradation efficiency towards organic pollutant dyes, i.e., Methylene blue (MB) (93.25% removal) and Rhodamine B (91.06% removal) in 70 min, under natural sunlight with apparent rate constant 0.0337 min−1 (R2 = 0.9749) and 0.0347 min−1 (R2 = 0.9026) respectively.Zeta potential study shows the presence of a negative charge on the surface of ZnO NPs. The use of green synthesized ZnO NPs is a good choice for wastewater treatment, given their high reusability and photocatalytic efficiency, along with adaptability to green synthesis.
Highlights
Urbanization and rapid industrialization have proven to be a blessing to human society as well as a bane
This study demonstrates that ultrasound-assisted synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) effective for dye degradation without artificial light sources
This shows the very crystalline existence of these NPs. and these concentric rings can be recognized to the diffraction from the {100}, {101}, {102}, {110}, {103} and {112} plane of the structure polycrystalline wurtzite structure of hexagonal crystal system.To get a cavernous approaching into morphology and exact microstructure inquiry, ZnO NPs were confirmed through Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques
Summary
Urbanization and rapid industrialization have proven to be a blessing to human society as well as a bane. As an additional requirement to ZnO NPs, green synthesis of nanoparticles can be an environmentally friendly and fast approach to treating wastewater effluent from textile industries. The high molecular masses and low diffusion rates make them challenging to degrade, the industrial dye MB and RhB were selected of these photocatalytic degradation study dyes This is the first research to the best of our knowledge towards an ultrasonic approach to the synthesis of monodisperse ZnO NPs using Stinking passion fruit peels extract and its application for the degradation of MB Rhodamine B dye in solar irradiation. This study provides a new perspective into the green and cost-effective photocatalyst sector to relieve the harmful dyes high degradation efficiency from industrially contaminated water without harming or generating another environmental hazard
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