Synthesis of Three-Dimensional Graphene-Based Materials for Applications in Energy Storage

Abstract

Graphene as a new type of carbon material has drawn much attention recently. The remarkable properties such as low density, large specific surface area and unique electrochemical properties have attracted extensive research interests for their application in the energy storage area including metal ion batteries, metal-sulfur cells, metal-air cells, etc. For the applications in these areas, two-dimensional (2D) graphene sheets need to be assembled into three-dimensional (3D) graphene structures to control the electrochemical, mechanical and optical properties. In this feature article, the research status, application areas and drawbacks are reviewed. Fabricating graphene by the template, self-assembly and other newly developed methods, e.g., 3D printing, is discussed. The related research on 3D graphene-based materials in the energy storage area is also included. Finally, problems existing in the current fabricating method and future development directions are discussed.