Abstract
Silicone materials are widely used, from daily life to the military industry. With the advancement of science and technology and the increasing demands of industry, the requirement for high-performance precise structural silicone materials has increased. Therefore, the most important aspect in this field is finding a breakthrough in the synthetic methods. In this review, the latest research developments in controllable morphological structure and composite structure optimized synthesis of silicone materials using the Piers–Rubinsztajn (PR) reaction are summarized. The advantages of the PR reaction compared with traditional synthetic routes to silicone materials are presented. The highly controllable spatial structure of silicone materials and the structural combination of biomass or inorganic materials with silicone materials results in an improvement in performance or function. The morphological control of more complex silicone materials and the synthesis of non-traditional silicone materials with composite structures through the PR reaction will be the main research directions for the development of silicone materials in the future.
Highlights
Polysiloxanes are polymers containing ~R2 SiO~ repeating units, which have Si–O bonds with a high bond energy (~ 530 kJ·mol−1 ) [1] and variable side groups on the main chain
As with the above process, the PR reaction catalyzed by BCF, the “metal-free” catalyst [19], can carried out under strictly controlled anhydrous conditions, avoiding structural defects and unintended be used to synthesize well-designed structured polysiloxanes
The good overall properties impart huge advantages to the material compared to other materials, as shown in Table 3, which render the material promising for potential application in the microelectronic industry, such as encapsulating resins for integrated circuit (IC) dies, or laminated matrix resins for manufacturing printed circuit boards
Summary
Polysiloxanes are polymers containing ~R2 SiO~ repeating units, which have Si–O bonds with a high bond energy (~ 530 kJ·mol−1 ) [1] and variable side groups on the main chain. The hydrolysis/dehydration of chlorosilanes or alkoxysilanes, or the base- or acid-catalyzed ring-opening polymerization of cyclic siloxane monomers such as cyclotetrasiloxane represent typical methods for the preparation of the siloxane backbone of polymeric silicone materials (see below) [1,4,5]. These approaches are not well suited to the synthesis of structurally precise polysiloxanes [6].
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