Synthesis of poly(vinylidenefluoride-trifluoroethylene)-0.65Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 -0.35PbTiO 3 -reduced graphene oxide-composite sheet and its application to flexible energy harvesting

Abstract

Abstract Here the synthesis and the optimization of piezoelectric materials by varying the reduced graphene oxide (RGO) contents in the poly(vinylidenefluoride-trifluoroethylene)-0.65Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 -0.35PbTiO 3 (P(VDF-TrFE)-PMN-PT) composite and their application to low-pressure and low-frequency energy harvesting have been reported. Among the synthesized piezoelectric compositions, the PPMR5 (P(VDF-TrFE)-PMN-PT-RGO (RGO = 0.5%)) sample exhibits a maximum dielectric constant of 60 and a relatively high dielectric loss of 0.0654 at 1 kHz. Additionally, flexible piezoelectric energy harvester (FPEH) made off PPMR5 sheet reveals highest output performance under mechanical deformation. The fabricated FPEH demonstrate a maximum open-circuit output voltage of 8 V (pk-pk) and a short-circuit current of 3.5 μA (pk-pk) at an external applied force of 2N. Furthermore, the FPEH exhibits an output power density of 6.5 μW/cm 2 at 1 MΩ load resistance. The fabricated device was also exposed to several pressing-releasing cycles to confirm its stability. The device shows excellent stability even after 1000 pressing-releasing cycles. Finally, our fabricated FPEH can be a promising energy source for futuristic flexible electronics.