Abstract
Multi-functionalized fibrous silica KCC-1 (MF-KCC-1) bearing amine, tetrasulfide, and thiol groups was synthesized via a post-functionalization method and fully characterized by several methods such as FTIR, FESEM, EDX-Mapping, TEM, and N2 adsorption–desorption techniques. Due to abundant surface functional groups, accessible active adsorption sites, high surface area (572 m2 g−1), large pore volume (0.98 cm3 g−1), and unique fibrous structure, mesoporous MF-KCC-1 was used as a potential adsorbent for the uptake of acid fuchsine (AF) and acid orange II (AO) from water. Different adsorption factors such as pH of the dye solution, the amount of adsorbent, initial dye concentration, and contact time, affecting the uptake process were optimized and isotherm and kinetic studies were conducted to find the possible mechanism involved in the process. For both AF and AO dyes, the Langmuir isotherm model and the PFO kinetic model show the most agreement with the experimental data. According to the Langmuir isotherm, the calculated maximum adsorption capacity for AF and AO were found to be 574.5 mg g−1 and 605.9 mg g−1, respectively, surpassing most adsorption capacities reported until now which is indicative of the high potential of mesoporous MF-KCC-1 as an adsorbent for removal applications.
Highlights
Multi-functionalized fibrous silica KCC-1 (MF-KCC-1) bearing amine, tetrasulfide, and thiol groups was synthesized via a post-functionalization method and fully characterized by several methods such as FTIR, FESEM, energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX)-Mapping, TEM, and N2 adsorption–desorption techniques
Unlike conventional ordered mesoporous silica materials (MSMs) such as FDU-12, KIT-6, KIT-5, SBA-16, SBA-15, MCM-48, and MCM-41, in which the large surface area is related to their regular pore structure[25,42], in KCC-1 the high surface area is due to the presence of regular and concentric fibers that have grown radially from the center of the silica spheres to the outside of the s phere[43,44]
Pure KCC-1 was prepared based on a conventional sol–gel-hydrothermal method and functionalized via a simple post-grafting approach to yield MF-KCC-1
Summary
Multi-functionalized fibrous silica KCC-1 (MF-KCC-1) bearing amine, tetrasulfide, and thiol groups was synthesized via a post-functionalization method and fully characterized by several methods such as FTIR, FESEM, EDX-Mapping, TEM, and N2 adsorption–desorption techniques. A vast variety of materials, including mesoporous silica materials (MSMs)[20,21], layered doubele hydroxides (LDHs)[22], metal–organic frameworks and their composites[18,23], covalent organic frameworks and their composites24–26, Fe2O3 nanoparticles[28,29], single-and multi-walled carbon n anotubes[30,31], and graphene and graphene oxide-based materials[32,33] have been utilized as an adsorbent to separate or remove the organic molecules like hydrocarbons, drugs and dyes Among those adsorbents, MSMs-based adsorbents have shown excellent performance due to their environment-friendly water-based synthesis methods (sol–gel process), porous structure, large surface area, high pore volume, designable structure and morphology, functionalizable surface, good chemical and thermal stability, and r eusability[19,20,21,34]. In the application of adsorption, this material can especially play the role of adsorbent via functionalization of its surface with a wide variety of functional groups as potential adsorption sites[44,47]
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