Synthesis of mesoporous LixMnO2 as a cathode material of Lithium ion battery via one-pot galvanostatic electrodeposition method

Abstract

Mesoporous LixMnO2 cathode material is synthesized using the one-pot anodic electrodeposition through simultaneous electrodeposition and Li+ incorporation into the host manganese dioxide without using of any template. Incorporating Li+ into the manganese oxide structure definitely influences the properties of the final material. The content of incorporated Li+ in the manganese dioxide structure (x in LixMnO2, x=0.07–0.33) is determined as a function of Li+ concentration in the electrodeposition bath. The various contents of Li+ in LixMnO2 samples have a tremendous impact on the ultimate material in terms of structural and physicochemical properties. The structural changes of host manganese dioxide as a consequence of Li+ intercalation have been identified through the X-ray diffraction, inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared, thermogravimetric/differential scanning calorimetry as well as Raman spectroscopy. The results of nitrogen adsorption-desorption isotherms along with the scanning electron microscopy proved the mesoporous structure of electrode materials with a significantly high surface area. Among the LixMnO2 materials, the Li0.21MnO2, shows the best electrochemical performance with the first discharge capacity of 283.0, 240.0, 191.0,161.0 and 113.0mAhg−1 at 0.1C, 0.2C, 1C, 2C and 5C, respectively, retaining 92% of the initial capacity over 50cycles at 0.1C.