Abstract
Lanthanum and niobium doped PZT with composition(Pb0.93La0.07)[(Zr0.60Ti0.40)]0.9825Nb0.0175O3 (PZTLN) was prepared by the gel-combustion method. A precursor sol was obtained fromlead nitrate, zirconyl nitrate, lanthanum oxide, peroxo-citrato-niobium and a peroxo-citratecomplex of titanium isopropoxide as starting precursors. Various molar ratios of citrate/nitrate(CA/NO3− = 1.3,0.36 and 0.09) were used to prepare very fine powders of PZTLN. The gels resultingfrom these sols were transformed into powders by an auto-combustion process at≤400 °C. The powders consisted of rhombohedral PZT(PbZr0.60Ti0.40O3), pyrochlore(Pb2Ti2O6) and leadcarbonate (Pb2O·CO3) phases. The pure rhombohedral phase is found in PZTLN pellets sintered at1100 °C for all citrate/nitrate ratios. Titanium and niobium precursors were modified with peroxoradicals. During the gel-combustion reaction, the temperature of the gel increases, leadingto lead evaporation. The loss of lead as well as the particle size increases as theCA/NO3− ratio decreases. The smallest grained powder (about 50 nm) was obtained with the ratioCA/NO3− equal to 0.09.
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