Synthesis of Heterocyclic Compounds Via 1,3-Diketones

Abstract

Heterocyclic compounds acquire a unique place in medicinal chemistry as many of the pharmaceuticals, agrochemical industries use heterocyclic moieties in different kinds of drugs. Moreover, many of these compounds are naturally occurring and are known for their antibacterial properties from ancient times. These compounds like thiazole, pyrazole, imidazole, coumarin etc. are synthesized via 1,3-dicarbonyls as an intermediate. Essentially β-dicarbonyls are considered as promising scaffolds for the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds. Especially, due to keto-enol tautomerism, β-diketones show very distinct chemical properties. They could be made by combining an adequate methyl ketone with an acceptable ethyl ester in a Claisen reaction, which allows for a large range of potential combinations. In this review, we will discuss various synthetic approaches for the preparation of five and six membered heterocyclic compounds via 1,3-dicarbonyls.