Abstract
Based on the molluscicidal activity of ginkgolic acids (GAs) isolated from Ginkgo biloba L, a series of Z/E isomers of GA analogues were prepared and evaluated for their molluscicidal activities against the host snail Oncomelania hupensis. The results and analysis of the structure-activity relationship revealed that the E-isomers showed better molluscicidal activities than their Z-isomers. Molluscicidal activities decreased with the shortening of the alkenyl chain lengths.
Highlights
Schistosomiasis ranks as the second most prevalent parasitic disease in tropical and subtropical regions of the World after malaria
The molluscicide niclosamide (Nic) is the only commercially available molluscicide recommended by the WHO [3], its use is hampered by its high cost and toxicity to fish
We have previously described the molluscicidal activities of ginkgolic acids (GAs), a group of
Summary
Schistosomiasis ranks as the second most prevalent parasitic disease in tropical and subtropical regions of the World after malaria. 6-alkylsalicylic acid derivatives have been found in other plant species, e.g. anacardic acids isolated from the cashew (Anacardium occidentale) They have similar structures to GA C15:1 but have a different number (1~3) of double bonds in the alkyl chain. In order to understand the structure-activity relationship for these compounds and improve their molluscicidal activity, in this study a series of Z/E isomers of GA analogues with different chain lengths (5~13 carbon atoms) and phenyl rings based on one added inside double bond have been synthesized from 6-methylsalicylic acid. Their molluscicidal effects against the host snail. Oncomelania hupensis were evaluated, and the structure-activity relationships were explored
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