Abstract
Abstract Firstly, a benzoxazine-type silane coupling agent (BS) was synthesized using 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (KH-550), 3-N-pentadecylphenol and paraformaldehyde. Subsequently, modified amorphous zirconia (ZrO2) nanoparticles (NPs) were obtained through sol-gel method in ethanol with zirconium-butoxide (Zr(OBu)4) and the synthesized BS as dispersant. FTIR spectra confirmed the existence of BS structure on the surface of the synthesized ZrO2 particle. The results of DLS showed that the modified NPs possessed small particle size of 20–70 mm with low polydispersity index and stable dispersion performance which was consistent with the morphology observed in TEM. The zeta potential was proportional to the addictive BS amount and reached the maximum when the BS loading rate was 30 mol%. Bisphenol A epoxy resin (DGEBA) was cured with Bisphenol A benzoxazine and the modified ZrO2 NPs were incorporated to prepare the epoxy/benzoxazine/ZrO2 composite. Homogeneous dispersion of the modified NPs was observed in the cured composite which was in deep contrast with the unmodified one. The results of tensile test showed that the cured polymer with the BS modified NPs possessed promoted tensile strength. The maximum of tensile strength was 105.7 MPa derived from the BS3-3 group while that for the U3 group with the same content of unmodified ZrO2 NPs was just 73.5 MPa. The critical point of the tensile stress moved toward higher NPs content for the composites including the BS modified NPs and the standard deviation of the results, especially for the tensile stress, decreased remarkably which mean more stable mechanical behavior. DMA results were in good consistence with the tensile test that the composites with the BS-modified NPs possessed higher glassy modulus and Tg value.
Published Version
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