Abstract
The silica-amorphous carbon bearing SO3H group was synthesised by incomplete carbonisation of glucose and sulfonation with concentrated H2SO4 and the structure was determined by FTIR, XRD, and EDX. In this study, their catalytic activities were investigated in the synthesis of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) from cellulose with choline chloride:CrCl3 deep eutectic solvent (DES). The results showed the highest yield of HMF at a reaction temperature of 140ºC for 1 h with 162 mg cellulose, 6 mmol [EMIM]Cl, 10 mg silica-amorphous carbon and 50% mol DES ChCl:CrCl3. In particular, the catalyst was able to recover and reuse three times with a small decrease in yield for the conversion of cellulose to HMF.
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