Abstract
Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have been known as an excellent characteristic for Local Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR) sensors due to their sensitive spectral response to the local environment of the nanoparticle surface and ease of monitoring the light signal due to their strong scattering or absorption. Prior the technologies, GNPs based LSPR has been commercialized and have become a central tool for characterizing and quantifying in various field. In this review, we presented a brief introduction on the history of surface plasmon, the theory behind the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) and the principles of LSPR. We also reported on the synthetization as well of the properties of the GNPs and the applications in current LSPR sensors.
Highlights
Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is a charge-density oscillation that may exist at the interface of two media with dielectric constants of opposite signs, for instance, a metal and a dielectric
The charge density wave is associated with an electromagnetic wave, the field vectors of which reach their maxima at the interface and decay evanescently into both media
The Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) is produced in the presence of reducing agents such as amino acid, ascorbic acid or citrate [25], which reacted with a small quantity of hot gold salt
Summary
Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is a charge-density oscillation that may exist at the interface of two media with dielectric constants of opposite signs, for instance, a metal and a dielectric. In 1968, Otto described Thurbadar’s observation by showing the excitation of surface plasmon resulted the drop in the reflectivity in the attenuated total reflection method [7] This explanation being supported by Kretschmann and Raether, which explained the same excitation of surface plasmon in the same year but with different configurations [8]. The physical properties of LSPR is reported to be more sensitive than the traditional bulk metal thin film based SPR sensors [13] due to the nanoscale size of the particles [14]. These improvements had attracted more significant development of the high sensitivity LSPR sensors. Among the MNPs, gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have been demonstrated as a great characteristic for a LSPR sensor due to its solitary optical properties [15]
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