Abstract
Utilization of plant biomass, especially lignocellulose carbon-based nanomaterials such as graphene oxide and carbon dots, has attracted attention in wastewater treatment to create a pollution-free green environment. In the last two decades, carbon dots and their derivatives have been effectively used in various fields (e.g., water treatment, sensor, paramedical, bioimaging, drug delivery, etc.) because of their high surface area, easy functionalization along with outstanding colloidal stability, excellent biocompatibility (vitro and in vivo), eco-friendly synthesis and low cost. Carbon dots have been synthesized by using chemical precursors followed via (i) the Top-down approach (electrochemical synthesis and the laser ablation methods) and (ii) the Bottom-up approach (Hydrothermal synthesis, Ultrasonic, and Microwave Pyrolysis). The use of hazardous chemicals and solvents has been severely affected by the environment, devastating the lives of fauna and flora and resulting in environmental pollution. Therefore, research has been molded to synthesize biomass-based green carbon nanotubes (carbon quantum dots). The morphology of these nanomaterials has been identified using advanced analytical techniques: UV-vis., dynamic light scattering (DLS), photoluminescence spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and High-resolution transmission element microscopy (HRTEM), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The present chapter deals with fabricating carbon nanotubes, including carbon quantum dots (CQDs), using plant biomass (lignocellulose) and green solvent. Moreover, challenges to preparing green carbon have also been discussed in deals. Based on the collected data, green material based-carbon dots will be of great commercial importance and may be a better option to replace currently used fluorescent materials to create a dust-free atmosphere.
Published Version
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