Abstract
Magnesium deficiency and/or deficit (hypomagnesemia, <0.75 mmol/L in the blood) has become a recognized problem in healthcare and clinical settings. Concomitantly, supplementation has become recognized as the primary means of mitigating such deficiencies. Common magnesium supplements typically suffer from shortcomings: rapid dissociation and subsequent laxation (magnesium salts: e.g., magnesium chloride), poor water solubility (magnesium oxides and hydroxides), poor characterizability (magnesium chelates), and are/or use of non-natural ligands. To this end, there is a need for the development of fully characterized, water-soluble, all-natural magnesium compounds. Herein, we discuss the synthesis, solution and solid-state characterization, aqueous solubility, and cellular uptake of magnesium complexes of maltol and ethylmaltol, ligands whose magnesium complexes have yet to be fully explored.
Highlights
Latent magnesium deficiency[1] is considered a significant impactor of chronic disease.[2−5] Tracking hypomagnesemia is complicated by the uneven distribution of magnesium in the human body and in particular by the low levels found in blood (
While the magnesium salts offer greater solubility, they are often subject to rapid dissociation and laxation and are excreted renally before most cellular uptake occurs.[10,32−34] many magnesium supplements are not fully characterized, which complicates dosing and the ability to translate such into pharmaceutical formulations.[35,36]
Hypomagnesemia is a greatly underappreciated clinical issue and is common in critically ill patients, where it may lead to complications, from severe to fatal
Summary
Latent magnesium deficiency (hypomagnesemia, defined as
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