Synthesis, Biological Evaluation and Molecular Docking Studies of Benzimidazole Derivatives Substitutes as New Antimicrobial Agents

Abstract

Benzimidazole derivatives have assumed an imperative moiety in the hypothetical improvement in heterocyclic science and furthermore utilized broadly in organic synthesis. The synthesis, structure and biological activities of benzimidazole derivatives have been focal point of research enthusiasm for the field of medication because of potential exercises displayed by them. Developments of more current lead atoms are utilized to improve pharmacological action and lessen drug toxicities. After extensive literature review it was thought worthwhile to synthesize some Benzimidazole derivatives and evaluate their antibacterial and antifungal activities. A series of new 2-(1<I>H</I>-benzimidazole-2-<i>yl</i>) phenyl)-2-(substituted benzylidene) hydrazine was designed for showing the above activity. The different hydrazine derivatives (4a-4i) were synthesized by using different substituted benzaldehyde compounds. The structures of synthesized compounds were characterized by IR, <sup>1</sup>H NMR, Mass spectral data and elemental analysis. Synthesized compounds were tested <i>in vitro</i> for different kinds of pharmacological activity of this class of medications including antibacterial and antifungal action. The compounds 4d and 4e found most active against <i>E.coli</i> and <i>P. aeurigenosa </i>and 4i found to be most active against <i>B.subtilis</i> and <i>S.aureus.</i> The derivative 4c shows good activity against <i>C.albicans </i>and <i>A.niger. </i>Molecular docking analysis was performed to investigate the binding affinity of the synthesized compounds with target proteins. By means of this research it is concluded that Benzimidazole derivatives are a potent compound compressing of different pharmacological activities and this has been proved by docking studies too. Further evaluation of their properties is required before they can be adopted for widespread use.