Abstract
Chiral cylindrical molecular complexes of homo- and hetero-double-helices derived from helicene oligomers self-assemble in solution, providing functional heterogeneous liquid-solid materials. Gels and liotropic liquid crystals are formed by fibril self-assembly in solution; molecular monolayers and fibril films are formed by self-assembly on solid surfaces; gels containing gold nanoparticles emit light; silica nanoparticles aggregate and adsorb double-helices. Notable dynamics appears during self-assembly, including multistep self-assembly, solid surface catalyzed double-helix formation, sigmoidal and stairwise kinetics, molecular recognition of nanoparticles, discontinuous self-assembly, materials clocking, chiral symmetry breaking and homogeneous-heterogeneous transitions. These phenomena are derived from strong intercomplex interactions of chiral cylindrical molecular complexes.
Highlights
Chiral cylindrical molecular complexes of homo- and hetero-double-helices derived from helicene oligomers self-assemble in solution, providing functional heterogeneous liquid-solid materials
Chiral cylindrical molecular complexes are obtained from homo- and hetero-double-helices formed by chiral helicene oligomers and the molecular complexes exhibit notable structures and functions in the formation of heterogeneous liquid-solid materials
Notable phenomena appeared with regard to the thermodynamic aspect of their behaviors: reversible transitions between double-helices and random-coils, the predominant formation of hetero-double-helices over homo-double-helices, formation of enantiomeric three-dimensional structures, ordinary and inverse thermo responses, effect of the formation of water cluster and organic solvent clusters, inversion of enantiomeric three-dimensional structures and synthesis of function by multi-domain oligomers
Summary
Heterogeneous liquid-solid materials can be constructed by self-assembly of materials derived from molecules [1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16]. Heterogeneous liquid-solid materials are important as media for chemical reactions, for example, as protein receptor bound on cell surfaces These systems involve the interconversions among different ordered structures in self-assembly materials. Another subject related to the dynamics of heterogeneous liquid-solid materials is the process of forming self-assembly materials from dispersed molecules in solution. Molecules interact to form nanometer-sized aggregates, which grow to form regular structures such as micrometer-sized fibrils and membranes in solution, which are heterogeneous liquid-solid materials. When energy and matter are exchanged between the inside and outside of a system during a transition, the system is called open; when only energy is exchanged, the system is called closed Such reversible systems of self-assembly materials exhibit interesting switching properties
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