Abstract
Kinetics of emulsion polymerization of hydrophilic vinyl monomers in the presence of polyvinylpyrrolidone and technological principles of their synthesis are determined. Reasonable technological parameters in the synthesis of copolymers are determined. Physicochemical properties of the synthesized copolymers (surface tension, the size of latex particles, and pH) are determined. Synthesized graft copolymers were used to create high-adhesion polymer-monomer compositions. These compositions have high reactivity at room temperature. It can be regulated by the nature of the polymer matrix and the introduction of comonomers and fillers due to the influence of physicochemical factors on the process of polymer formation. The rate of polymerization and the degree of monomer conversion largely depend on the nature of the polymer matrix. The highest polymerization rate and the maximum degree of conversion are observed when using a copolymer of polyvinylpyrrolidone and polymethylmethacrylate. Materials based on the developed compositions are characterized by a low residual monomer content and high operational properties, such as surface hardness, Vicat softening temperature, and adhesive bond strength to supports of different nature.
Highlights
The contemporary development of science and technology requires the creation of new polymer materials with a corresponding set of special properties: high adhesion to supports of different nature, high physicomechanical, thermophysical, and selective-sorption properties
Copolymers were synthesized on the basis of PVP and vinyl monomers (MMA, vinyl acetate (VA), and styrene) by emulsion polymerization
The emulsion polymerized graft copolymers of PVP were used as a polymer matrix for the preparation of MMA-copolymer compositions cured by block polymerization
Summary
The contemporary development of science and technology requires the creation of new polymer materials with a corresponding set of special properties: high adhesion to supports of different nature, high physicomechanical, thermophysical, and selective-sorption properties. These include low-toxic adhesive polymer-monomer compositions of medical and general technical purposes. Among the methods for preparation of such materials with the necessary properties the most interesting are those based on the modification of known industrial polymers in polymerization processes These methods make it possible to obtain polymer materials with the preferable set of technological and operational properties at rather low material and energy costs. Polymers with high surface activity, good solubility in water and many aqueous organic media, high ability to complex formation, and high sorption characteristics are used as modifiers [1, 2]
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