Abstract
The structural investigation of Zn2+ complexes with the ligand lisinopril (LIS), an inhibitor of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), was performed. The main objective is to compare if Zn-LIS coordination in vitro is similar to that observed in vivo. Two zinc complexes were obtained from different synthetic routes. The synthesis of LISZn1 used stirring, while for LISZn2 involved solvothermal conditions, which favoured the full deprotonation of lisinopril ligand. In this sense, the different synthetic routes resulted in the formation of complexes with notorious chemical and structural differences. The crystal structure of LISZn2 showed that the ligand is coordinated to Zn2+ ion by oxygen and nitrogen atoms which is different from that observed in vivo. In vitro, the coordination of lisinopril occurs only by an oxygen atom of the central carboxylate group. LISZn2 forms a one-dimensional (1D) coordination polymer and presents disorder atoms in its unit cell.
Highlights
Hypertension is a disease that affects millions of people around the world. is disease is identified if the blood pressure levels maintain above the reference values [1]
Lisinopril, (S)-1-[N2-(1-carboxy-3-phenylpropyl)-Llysyl]-L-proline, (Figure 1), is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, widely used in the treatment of hypertension, congestive heart failure, acute myocardial infarction, and diabetic nephropathy [3, 6,7,8]. e mechanism of action of the lisinopril is known to be related to its ability to interact with ACE forming a compound with the Zn2+ ion present in ACE. e Zn-ACE inhibitor (ACEI) occurs through the central carboxylate group of lisinopril molecule [9]
E synthesis of LISZn2 involved solvothermal conditions, which favoured the full deprotonation of lisinopril ligand, while the synthesis of LISZn1 used only stirring. ese two distinct synthetic methodologies employed led to the formation of compounds with chemical and structural differences that can be seen by their distinct solid habits (Figure 2)
Summary
Hypertension is a disease that affects millions of people around the world. is disease is identified if the blood pressure levels maintain above the reference values [1]. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are considered the most effective drugs used to treat the arterial hypertension. Is reaction promotes vasoconstriction and hydrolysis of the vasodilator bradykinin [2,3,4] It plays an essential role in blood pressure regulation, and its interaction with an ACE inhibitor (ACEI) sets an important research topic for treatment of hypertension [2]. Some synthetic ACEIs are useful in various cardiovascular pathologies, acting in both reduction of blood pressure and in the treatment for postmyocardial infarction [3, 5]. Lisinopril, (S)-1-[N2-(1-carboxy-3-phenylpropyl)-Llysyl]-L-proline, (Figure 1), is an angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, widely used in the treatment of hypertension, congestive heart failure, acute myocardial infarction, and diabetic nephropathy [3, 6,7,8]. A dihydrate phase of lisinopril is recognized as the most stable crystalline form, and it is extensively used within medicine [6, 11]
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