Synthesis and Characterization of TiO<sub>2</sub> Nanoparticle Using Starch as a Template by Sol-Gel Method for the Application of UV Protection

Abstract

Nanotechnology is one of the key technology had been developed since in all fields including textile industries for medical, hygienic, and technical textiles. Particle size with nanohad been indicated in particular for the application of controlled release material for functional textiles. TiO2 nanopowder has remarkable photo-catalytic and semiconductor as material for various advanced technology fields of application such as UV Protection. In this research the synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticle and characterization had been conducted successfully by sol-gel method. The starch was used as a template to get nanoparticles structure. TiO2 sol with narrow particle size distribution using TiCl4 as the starting material. The sol was prepared by a process where HCl was added to a gel of hydrated titanium oxide to dissolve it. The effect of preparation parameters were investigated, by deionized water : HCl 1 M was slowly added to TiCl4 at 5 °C. In this study the production of anatase or rutile TiO2 nanostructured powder by forced hydrolysis of aqueous Ti (IV) chloride solution and concentration from 0,3, 0,5 then 1 M. TiO2 sphere were fabricated by a facile and low cost stable starch assisted by sol-gel method. Aqueous solution of starch was added and then heated in temperature 80°C and aqueous solution of ammonium hydroxide was added to adjust pH to 8. After aging period of time, the white precipitate was filtered and then calcined in temperature 5000 C. The as-obtained samples were characterize,kjnhjd by SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope), UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) and Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) analysis. The particle size is less than 100 nm and if it uses template particle TiO2 more uniform distribution and spherical shape with particle size 170 200 nm. Crystalinity particle is 4 19 nm and the phase structure of anatase and rutile. The energy band gap semiconductor TiO2 synthesis is 3.1 to 3.7 eV. Surface area without template starch 40.655 m2/g, with total for volume 0.278 cm3/g and pore size of 27 nm, and used template starch surface area 35.488m2/g with total for volume 0.196 cm3/g and pore size of 22 nm. Based on this research, the best a crystal phase for UV protection application is rutile phase.