Synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles green-formulated by Allium stipitatum and treat the colorectal cancer as a modern chemotherapeutic supplement

Abstract

Recently, many chemotherapeutic supplements or drugs have been formulated by silver nanoparticles. In the present study, we prepared and formulated a modern chemotherapeutic drug by silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) containing Allium stipitatum leaf aqueous extract for the treatment of colorectal carcinoma. Characterization of AgNPs was done by FE‐SEM, FT‐IR and UV–Vis. In the FT-IR test, the presence of many antioxidant compounds with related bonds caused the excellent condition for reducing of silver in the silver nanoparticles. In UV–Vis, the clear peak in the wavelength of 447 nm showed the formation of silver nanoparticles. In addition, in the FE-SEM images, the silver nanoparticles were spherical with lesser than 100 nm. For investigating the antioxidant properties of AgNO3, Allium stipitatum aqueous extract, and silver nanoparticles, the DPPH test was used in the presence of vitamin E as the positive control. The silver nanoparticles inhibited half of the DPPH molecules in the concentration of 22 µg/mL. MTT assay was used on colorectal carcinoma (HT-29, HCT116, and CW2) cell lines for comparing the anti-colorectal carcinoma effects of AgNO3, Allium stipitatum, and AgNPs. Silver nanoparticles had very low cell viability and anti-colorectal carcinoma properties dose-dependently against HT-29, HCT116, and CW2 cell lines. According to the above results, the silver nanoparticles containing Allium stipitatum leaf aqueous extract may be administrated in humans for the treatment of colorectal carcinoma.