Synthesis and characterization of polyaniline nanoparticles in SDS micellar solutions

Abstract

Polyaniline (PANI) dispersions consisting of 10–20 nm sized nanoparticles were prepared by oxidation with ammonium peroxydisulfate (APS) in sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS) micellar solutions. Coalescence and coagulation were prevented by electrostatic repulsive interaction between anionic SDS micelles. Particle morphology was dependent on the initial shape of surfactant aggregates (micelles) and the molar ratio of SDS to aniline monomer. Spherical particles were obtained at very low monomer concentration and the shape of particles began to be distorted from the spherical shape as monomer concentration increased at constant 0.2 M SDS concentration. The size of spherical particles was the same order of the micellar size or slightly larger. UV–VIS spectroscopy, compositions of PANI powder, morphology, crystalline structure, thermal stability, molecular weight and conductivity of PANI particles synthesized at various monomer and surfactant concentrations were investigated.