Abstract
A bidentate (N- and O-) imine-based ligand (L1) and its metal complexes of types [CuII(L1)2] (C1), [CuII(L1)(Phen)] (C2), [CoIII(L1)2] (C3), and [CoIII(L1)(Phen)] (C4) (L1 = 2-((E)-(6-fluorobenzo[d]thiazol-2-ylimino)methyl)-4-chlorophenol and phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) were synthesized as potential chemotherapeutic drug candidates. The prepared complexes were structurally characterized by spectral techniques (NMR, FT-IR, LC-MS, EPR, and electronic absorption), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA/DTA), magnetic moment, and CHNO elemental analysis. Spectroscopic studies suggested the distorted octahedral structure for all complexes. In vitro bioassay studies include binding and nuclease activities of the ligand and its complexes with target calf thymus- (CT-) DNA were carried out by employing UV-Vis, fluorescence spectroscopy, viscosity, and gel electrophoresis techniques. The extent of binding propensity was determined quantitatively by Kb and Ksv values which revealed a higher binding affinity for C2 and C4 as compared to C1 and C3. In addition, the scavenging superoxide anion free radical (O∙-2) activity of metal complexes was determined by nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) light reduction assay. Molecular docking studies with DNA and SOD enzyme were also carried out on these compounds. The antimicrobial study has shown that all the compounds are potential antibacterial agents against Gram-negative bacterial strains and better antifungal agents with respect to standard drugs used.
Highlights
Imine-based ligands coordinated to transition metal ions have several advantages, are very popular and are being used at the forefront of the development of DNA molecular probes (DNA-binding metal complexes) and therapeutic agents [1, 2]
Metal complexes of imine bases derived from substituted aldehydes and heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen, sulfur, and/or oxygen as ligand atoms are of interest as simple structural models of more complicated biological systems [16]
A new potential N and O-bidentate iminebased ligand (L1) and its Co(III) and Cu(II) complexes were prepared by usual literature protocol, and a microanalysis checked the purity for C, H, O, and N
Summary
Imine-based ligands coordinated to transition metal ions have several advantages, are very popular and are being used at the forefront of the development of DNA molecular probes (DNA-binding metal complexes) and therapeutic agents [1, 2]. Artificial DNA cleaving agents could find applications in several fields, in nucleic acids structural studies, natural process as biotechnological manipulation of genetic material, or drug development [7]. Metal complexes of imine bases derived from substituted aldehydes and heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen, sulfur, and/or oxygen as ligand atoms are of interest as simple structural models of more complicated biological systems [16]. The biological behavior of Cu(II) complexes has been subjected to intense investigation for DNA binding and cleavage activities [18] for novel chemotherapeutics and highly sensitive diagnostic agents [19]. With investigation of the antimicrobial (against pathogenic strains of bacteria and fungi), a minimum concentration of the compounds sufficient to inhibit the microbial growth (MIC) was obtained with a focus on potential new and unique and versatile scaffolds for pharmaceutical efficacy profile
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