Synthesis and application of multifunctional magnetic mesoporous nanomaterials with redox reaction and NIR response in tumor treatment

Abstract

In recent years, the novel minimally invasive combination therapy for tumors has garnered widespread attention due to its controllable therapeutic target, effective combination therapy outcome, and minimal toxic side effects. This study integrated inorganic nanospheres of ferric oxide (Fe3O4) with mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN), along with polymeric organic polymers—polyaniline (PANI) and hyaluronic acid (HA)—to create a multifunctional tumor treatment platform (Fe3O4@MSN@PANI@HA), aiming to enhance the efficacy of therapies that have monotherapy limitations. The Fe2+ within the Fe3O4@MSN@PANI@HA nanoparticles can react with the unique hydrogen peroxide present in the tumor microenvironment to generate hydroxyl radicals (·OH), which possess cytotoxic properties that can selectively eradicate tumor cells, thereby facilitating chemodynamic therapy (CDT). Moreover, Fe3O4@MSN@PANI@HA nanoparticles, when loaded with the chemotherapy drug doxorubicin hydrochloride (DOX), yield Fe3O4@MSN@PANI@HA-DOX nanoparticles. It has been demonstrated that these nanoparticles exhibit commendable drug-loading efficiency and controlled drug-release capabilities, contributing to the chemotherapy of tumors. The inclusion of PANI in the Fe3O4@MSN@PANI@HA nanoparticles endows them with an exceptional photothermal conversion capability. Upon exposure to an 808-nm near-infrared laser (NIR), the photothermal conversion efficiency of the composite nanomaterials reaches 42.76 %, thereby enabling photothermal therapy (PTT) through the thermal ablation of tumor cells. The HA component of the composite nanoparticles provides excellent biocompatibility and a sustained drug-release effect. Simultaneously, it could target tumor cells by recognizing specific receptors that are overexpressed on the cell surfaces, directing the transport of the composite nanoparticles to the tumor site, and selectively destroying tumor cells. This paper confirms the potent therapeutic impact of composite nanoparticles on tumors and offers a novel perspective for designing multifunctional composite nanomaterials.