Abstract
Abstract Cyperaceae is the third largest family among the monocotyledons and is highly represented in grassland environments. The aim of the present study was to conduct a floristic inventory of Cyperaceae in the grasslands of Guartelá State Park (GSP) and to elaborate keys to identify the species, the first for this family in this vegetation type in Paraná state. The GSP is home to relictual vegetation in Paraná, where grassland phytophysiognomies predominate, especially in open areas and rocky outcrops. The inventory was based on field collections and database searches. The family Cyperaceae is represented in the GSP by 32 taxa belonging to seven genera, with Rhynchospora (11 spp.), Bulbostylis (8 spp.), and Cyperus (7 spp.) being the genera with the greatest richness. It should be noted that all the species are native and two are endemic to Brazil. Species occurrence was recorded both in drylands and wetlands environments, emphasizing the importance of microenvironmental conservation in the park. The main literature sources for each genus, as well as information regarding distribution and habitat, are here provided.
Highlights
Cyperaceae Juss. is distributed worldwide and is the third largest family, by number of species, among the monocotyledons, with 5,460 species (Govaerts et al 2011) distributed in 106 genera (Govaerts et al 2007)
The dominance of grass-like and other herbaceous species in these environments can be observed in the floristic composition of the Campos Gerais of Paraná (Labiak 2014), which is characterized as a natural phytogeographic unit formed of gallery forests, Mixed Ombrophilous forest fragments, grassland and relicts of the Cerrado (Maack 2012)
The Guartelá State Park (GSP), which is located between the geographical coordinates 24°34’10.11”S and 50°15’56.54”W, is part of the Environmental Protection Area of the Devonian Escarpment and it is inserted in the Campos Gerais region of the second plateau of Paraná, belonging to the municipality of Tibagi, Paraná (Instituto Ambiental do Paraná 2002; Carmo & Assis 2012) (Fig. 1)
Summary
Cyperaceae Juss. is distributed worldwide and is the third largest family, by number of species, among the monocotyledons, with 5,460 species (Govaerts et al 2011) distributed in 106 genera (Govaerts et al 2007). According to Govaerts et al (2007), species of the family Cyperaceae occur mainly in wetlands (riverbanks, humid soils, and flooded areas), some groups can be found in drylands such as savannas, grasslands, rocky outcrops, and 2 de 15 hilltops. Among the general floristic inventories which mention Cyperaceae taxa in Paraná, in the Campos Gerais region, are Ferreira & Maranho (2011), Oliveira & Maranho (2011), Freitas et al (2011), Oliveira et al (2011), and Silva et al (2016) in the Vila Velha State Park; Aguiar & Vieira (2011) in the Cerrado State Park; Instituto Ambiental do Paraná (2002) and Carmo (2006) in the Guartelá State Park, being the only works which present data on Cyperaceae species, documenting 26 taxa, of which three were identified only to the generic level and five to the family level
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