Synergistic Properties of Arabinogalactan (AG) and Hyaluronic Acid (HA) Sodium Salt Mixtures.

Antonia Di Mola,Francesco Ferdinando Summa,Stefano Remiddi,Ludovica Silvani,Patrizia Oliva,Francesco Lelj,Antonio Massa

doi:10.3390/molecules26237246

Antonia Di Mola, Francesco Ferdinando Summa + Show 5 more

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https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules26237246

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Abstract

The properties of mixtures of two polysaccharides, arabinogalactan (AG) and hyaluronic acid (HA), were investigated in solution by the measurement of diffusion coefficients D of water protons by DOSY (Diffusion Ordered SpectroscopY), by the determination of viscosity and by the investigation of the affinity of a small molecule molecular probe versus AG/HA mixtures in the presence of bovine submaxillary mucin (BSM) by 1HNMR spectroscopy. Enhanced mucoadhesive properties, decreased mobility of water and decreased viscosity were observed at the increase of AG/HA ratio and of total concentration of AG. This unusual combination of properties can lead to more effective and long-lasting hydration of certain tissues (inflamed skin, dry eye corneal surface, etc.) and can be useful in the preparation of new formulations of cosmetics and of drug release systems, with the advantage of reducing the viscosity of the solutions.

Highlights

Hydrogels formed by chemically cross-linked hyaluronic acid (HA) are widely used in the formulation of artificial tears for the treatment of dry eye syndrome [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]
Water proton diffusion coefficients D determined by diffusion ordered spectroscopY (DOSY) (Diffusion Ordered SpectroscopY) have been recently utilized by Wende et al [12] in the characterization of crosslinked HA hydrogels in 90/10 H2O/D2O solution
We thought to investigate the properties of AG/HA mixtures at different ratios, measuring D of water protons in H2O/D2O at 90/10 ratio by DOSY using a 400 MHz spectrometer at 25.0 ± 0.1 ◦C (Table 1)

Summary

Introduction

Hydrogels formed by chemically cross-linked hyaluronic acid (HA) are widely used in the formulation of artificial tears for the treatment of dry eye syndrome [1,2,3,4,5,6,7]. With a molecular weight that can reach several millions of Dalton, HA is involved in numerous biological functions [8,9,10,11,12]. It is soluble in water and has a high degree of functionalization and charge density. Its solutions show high viscosity; in solution, it usually arranges in a 3D structure characterized by intramolecular hydrogen bonding [13,14]. This peculiarity drives its physical–chemical interactions with other molecules. As well as its biodegradability and immune neutrality, make HA an optimal biomaterial for wound healing applications and tissue engineering [14,15], in particular, in the regeneration of cartilage [16] and teeth structure [17]

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