Abstract
In this study, a novel AC-stimulation technology was explored by synergistic electro-thermal enhancement for nitrogen removal in a Fe-based Anammox at low temperatures. Highest total nitrogen (TN) removal efficiency achieved by the AC-stimulated Anammox system was 73.59 % at 0.45 mA/cm2 AC densities, compared to 45.72 % TN removal efficiency realized in the control (non-AC-stimulated) Anammox system, both conducted at 13 °C. Additionally, the Anammox enzymes HZS and HDH exhibited the highest copy numbers at the same current density. Results from response surface methodology (RSM) analysis indicated that the optimal conditions included electrode spacings of 3.89 cm, 4.11 cm, and 3.78 cm, and AC densities of 0.43 mA/cm2, 0.46 mA/cm2, and 0.39 mA/cm2 at temperatures of 13 °C, 16 °C, and 19 °C, respectively. Mechanism analysis revealed that the electrons provided by AC could stimulate biological processes while simultaneously heating the material.
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