Abstract
Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and sodium montmorillonite (Na-MMT) were melt-blended with 1-dodecyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate (C12mimPF6) to prepare nanocomposites containing well-dispersed MMT layers in nanoscale and freely existed excess C12mimPF6. A synergistic effect of MMT and C12mimPF6 on the foaming behavior of nanocomposites was revealed in this study. At the mild conditions of 17 MPa and 35 °C, neat PMMA and PMMA/C12mimPF6 and PMMA/Na-MMT samples were not foamed, while cells were induced in nanocomposites containing a certain amount of free C12mimPF6. At 25 MPa/90 °C, foamed nanocomposites exhibited higher nucleation efficiency and cell density, and smaller cell sizes with narrower size distribution than that of neat PMMA and those binary samples. The results indicated that the MMT nanoparticles produced heterogeneous nucleation, and increased the modulus of polymer matrix to depress cell coalescence. The presence of free C12mimPF6 decreased the energy barrier for cell nucleation and facilitated the dispersion of MMT nanoparticles via in situ organic modification.
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