Abstract
The most challenging in twenty first century is the cause and consequences of Climate change and variability. It is hastening frequently by over population more in developing countries. Thus, it is affected several sectors, while Agriculture is the most vulnerable for climate change. As a result both biotic and abiotic factors are bottle neck for food security and sustainability. From abiotic factor, soil acidity is the frequently observed at area where received intensive rainfall due to top soil and metallic elements washed out. Soil acidity is arsenic, and causes abortion of expected production, especially susceptible crops such as Common bean. To overcome this problem, agronomic practices such as lime application, soil conservation techniques and appropriate root traits were reported. Root system architectures traits such as higher basal root number between 12 to 16, basal root whorl number of around 4, and shallow root angle of less than 15° were reported suitable to withstand soil acidity. Agronomic practices alone reported as it is tedious and also difficult to get complete genotypes with full of desired acidity resistance root traits. Hence several reported explained that using the desired root traits for acidity resistance genotypes and important agronomic practices obtained more valuable results as form of integration. Therefore, using the appropriate root traits and agronomic practices support with each other to reduces the syndrome of soil acidity impacts.
Highlights
Common bean is one of the most important from legume crop and diversified over the world
It is of paramount importance to assess integrated approaches including use of local varieties with desirable root traits options to alleviate the problem of soil acidity and improve nutrient uptake for improved grain yield
Miller reported that greater production of adventitious roots in common beans helps in P acquisition by improving plant foraging in the most P rich soil environment [56], while Beebe etal noted that basal root development has been responsible for efficient P acquisition [8]
Summary
Common bean is one of the most important from legume crop and diversified over the world. Soil acidity reduced the overall growth and performance of common bean which resulted in a yield loss of about 60% regardless of their genetic differences [61] To overcome this problem several techniques are under study includes lime application, tolerance variety development and integrate management. Use of desired root traits could be feasible and easy to practice alone and combined with agronomic management options, especially for the small holder farmers In such cases, root traits have got priority in plant characters to be considered while developing acidity tolerant variety [13]. It is of paramount importance to assess integrated approaches including use of local varieties with desirable root traits options to alleviate the problem of soil acidity and improve nutrient uptake for improved grain yield. This review was focused on importance of common bean root traits and agronomic managements used for reduce acidity syndromes
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