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Abstract
Background Respiratory allergic diseases are currently a major public health problem worldwide, especially in industrialized countries. Although the symptoms associated with these affections coincide with the pollination season, it is now well established that simple and direct relations do not exist between these two phenomena and that, in the same time, several other factors – air pollutants and meteorological factors – must be taken into account. Objective To correlate atmospheric parameters with the medical consultations in response to rhinitis and asthma symptoms. Methods This study was conducted in the city of Amiens, during the pollen season in 2007. Clinical results were provided from the Picardie Regional Health Observatory. The atmospheric data gathered the count of pollen grains, the concentrations of gaseous air pollutants and several meteorological parameters. The correlations between these parameters are carried out using simple and multiple linear regressions. Results The consultations for rhinitis were positively correlated with grass pollen counts and atmospheric ozone, whereas asthma was correlated with precipitations. The results of multiple linear regressions showed that the two allergic symptoms, rhinitis and asthma, were related to several atmospheric factors, in particular airborne grass pollen, gaseous pollutants and temperature. Conclusion The large size of pollen grains could explain the simple relationship between rhinitis and grass pollen, because pollen grains can penetrate only the higher respiratory tract. This effect was not observed for asthma, but a positive relationship between asthma and precipitation suggests a potential role of pollen cytoplasmic granules. Theses granules could massively increase asthma attacks during the pollen season.
Published Version
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