Abstract
The Cu-Cr-Zr alloy lost its hardness during the supply of power to pantograph assembly in railways applications. The present study focused on the influence of piled-up material on the nanohardness behavior of Laser Powder Bed Fusion (LPBF) produced Cu-Cr-Zr alloy. The 100 indentations were carried out at 3000 µN, 6000 µN and 9000 µN loads with the pitch distance of 1 µm and 2 µm. Electron back scatter diffraction (EBSD) analysis revealed that the crystallography texture formed on (100), (101) and (111) planes. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis on the indentation revealed the formation of CuO, Cu2O and CuCr2O4 oxide layers. The material lost 6.3% of nanohardness when the load was increased from 3000 µN to 9000 µN without the influence of piled-up material. However, the material at 9000 µN exhibited 26.38% more nanohardness than 3000 µN. The Cr precipitate resisted the indentation against the deformation of the behavior up to 3000 µN. The nanohardness at 9000 µN increased with the increase of the row and columns other than the first column due to the irregular mixing of front and side piled-up material. The nanohardness values at 6000 µN and 9000 µN will be lost as the piled-up material has no metallurgical bonding with the substrate. More CuO, Cu2O and CuCr2O4 oxide debris formed at 9000 µN conditions than the other two load conditions.
Published Version
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