Syndrome de ballonisation apicale transitoire du ventricule gauche. Revue de la littérature à propos d'un cas

Abstract

Subject Transient left ventricular apical ballooning syndrome, knowed as the japanese name of tako-tsubo was recently described and is characterised at the acute period by a large apical dyskinesia of the left ventricule apex. This syndrome usually mimick an acutre coronary syndrome, sometime a cardiac faillure or arrhythmias. We report a typical case of a seventy-seven years old women struck by a tako-tsubo syndrome revelated by an acute chest pain after an emotional stress. The diagnosis was proposed because angiographie didn't shown any abnormality in spite of a large left ventricular dysfunction at the ventriculography. Topicality Tako-tsubo syndrome is more and more published due to a better knowledge of this syndrome, specially in the acute coronary syndrome without coronary abnormality. His physiopatology is not well known but is clearly in relation with an acute stress. Several hypothesis are discussed, helped by some experimental animal model. With an excellent prognosis at a middle-course, his discovery allow an adapted take care especialy of the complications. Prospect The setting up of clinical and electrocardological reliable and well-tried criteria will allowed an early diagnosis to avoid harmful treatment. His specific treatment is not reached by consensus but will develop by a better knownledge of the physiopathology.