Abstract
Synchrotron-based X-ray absorption near-edge structure spectroscopy and extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy are powerful techniques to study many chemical elements in solids, liquids and gases. Information can be obtained on the speciation and complexation of lanthanide and actinide elements and other radionuclides in aqueous and non-aqueous solutions, on adsorption processes at the solid-water interface of these solutions with soils, minerals, mineral assemblies and uranium mill tailings, and on the adsorption and incorporation of these metals in biological materials. A literature review on synchrotron studies of these processes is given. The conceptual design of an experimental hard X-ray synchrotron beam line end station for the investigation of radioactive samples is described.
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