Abstract
ABSTRACTThe aim of this study was to determine the resistance mechanisms of chili induced by the Bacillus subtilis strain D604 using synchrotron FTIR microspectroscopy (SR-FTIR). In this study, the strain D604 reduced anthracnose disease severity in chili plants by approximately 31.10%. The SR-FTIR spectral changes from the epidermis and mesophyll leaf tissue revealed higher integral areas for the C=O ester from lipids, lignin, or pectin (1770–1700 cm−1) as well as polysaccharides (1200–900 cm−1) in the treated samples of D606 and distilled water and then challenge inoculation with chili anthracnose pathogen, Colletotrichum acutatum. The secondary structure of the Amide I protein failed to convert from alpha helices (centered at 1650 cm−1) to beta sheets (centered at 1600 cm−1) in the mesophyll of samples not treated with D604. This study suggested that the strain D604 induced resistance against anthracnose pathogen in chili by inducing cellular changes related to defense compounds involved in plant defense mechanism.
Highlights
Anthracnose disease, caused by Colletotrichum sp., is an important disease of chili in Thailand
The results showed that anthracnose occurrence in chili was affected by seed and foliage treatment of the strain D604 in the greenhouse
synchrotron FTIR microspectroscopy (SR-FTIR) microspectroscopy can be used as a tool to examine the biochemical changes within plant tissue at a high spatial resolution
Summary
Anthracnose disease, caused by Colletotrichum sp., is an important disease of chili in Thailand. Colletotrichum is one of the most important plant pathogens worldwide causing the economically important anthracnose disease in a wide range of hosts including cereals, legumes, vegetables, perennial crops, and tree fruits. Is widely used commercially to control plant pathogens and to enhance plant growth. In addition to directly affecting plant growth and development through the production of plant growth regulators, Bacillus sp. The plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPRs), Bacillus sp., have been shown to promote growth and induce systemic resistance (ISR) in several economic crops such as soybean, corn, rice, cassava, Chinese kale, and cauliflower against multiple pathogens (Prathuangwong & Buensanteai 2007; Buensanteai et al 2009, 2012). A cell suspension of B. licheniformis BFP011 reduced the disease severity of C. capsici by more than 30% (Plodpai et al 2008; Ashwini & Srividya 2014)
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