Synbiotic (PoultryStar® Sol) Protects Rat Liver from Oxidoreductive Stress Induced by T2-Mycotoxicity

Abstract

Mycotoxins are secondary metabolic byproducts of molds that posses harmful and detrimental impact on animal and human health. Fungal T2 mycotoxin is the most efficacious trichothecene mycotoxin. It can induce hepatic and intestinal damages through eliciting severe oxidoreductive stress. Consequently, dysbiosis (alteration in the compositional balance of intestinal microbiota) occurred that can play an important role in the pathogenesis of several liver diseases. Recently, the using of pro and prebiotics was proven to exert antioxidative stress potentials in liver and gut ecosystem. To explore, the efficacy of using synbiotic (PoultryStar® Sol) during chronic T-2 mycotoxicosis course in rat, this study was designed. Rats were allocated into 4 main groups, (CN-Gr), which was treated as the negative control and was allowed for the free access to the normal rats chow and the tap water for 90 days, (PSS-Gr), which was assigned as the synbiotic positive control group and was allowed for the free access to normal rat chow and (PoultryStar® Sol) in the tap water (20mg/rat every 5 days) for 90 days. Group 3 or (T2-Gr) and was given the T2 contaminated chow ad libitumat a level of (470 ppb) along with normal drinking water for 90 days, and Group 4 (T2+PSS-Gr) which was given the T-2 contaminated chow ad libitumat the same level of Group 3 along with synbiotic (PoultryStar® Sol) in the tap water the same dose of (PSS-Gr) for 90 days. Each one of the four groups was subdivided into two subgroups (n=7) that one was exsanguinated on day 45 (Subgroup A) meantime the remaining rats (Subgroup B) were kept until the end of the entire study period (90 days). In T2 intoxicated group, liver histopathological findings on day 45 revealed lesions of reversible types (hydropic and fatty degenerations) only. Concurrently, on day 90 the changes comprised apoptosis and some necroinflammatory lesions. In T2+PSS-Gr, the ultimate efficacy of synbiotic success in preventing hepatic necroinflammatory changes and limiting the apoptotic activity which were in accordance with the amelioration of antioxidative status, liver function enzymes and other serum biochemical estimated tests. Summing up, the total results of this study has been clarify the regenerative and antioxidant potentials of (PoultryStar® Sol) in coping with T2 toxin mediated hepatotoxicity in rats.