Abstract
Determine the occurrence of dysphagia symptoms in children with cleft lip and/or palate (CLP) pre- and post-surgical correction. Quantitative observational cross-sectional study. Existence of clef lip and/or palate without association with other syndromes was the study inclusion and/or exclusion criterion. Parents and/or legal guardians responded to a recall questionnaire on the identification of occurrence of coughing, choking, vomiting, and nasal escape pre- and postoperatively and whether these symptoms disappeared after surgical correction. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the aforementioned Institution under protocol no. 1573164. The sample comprised 23 children with mean age of 48 months, mostly male and with unilateral trans-foramen incisor clefts. Statistically significant difference was observed between the pre- and post-surgical periods regarding the presence of dysphagia symptoms. Surgical treatment of patients with cleft lip and/or palate proved to be a resource to prevent the occurrence of dysphagia symptoms when associated with adequate intervention chronology.
Highlights
Cleft lip and/or palate (CLP) are among the main congenital craniofacial malformations
Prevalence of the male gender with unilateral trans-foramen incisor cleft is described in published epidemiological studies, considering its greater incidence compared with the female gender[12,13], with the same occurring with respect to earlier fusing time of the nasal and palatal processes[13]
Regarding cleft lip and/or palate (CLP) surgical correction, despite the different chronology described in the literature[14,15,16], most Speech-language Pathology services recommend that the surgery be performed during the postnatal period, with ideal time for cheiloplasty at three or between three and six months of age, depending on the clinical conditions necessary to perform a risk procedure[2,17]
Summary
Cleft lip and/or palate (CLP) are among the main congenital craniofacial malformations They occur because of a fusion error in the embryonic facial processes, more precisely in the gill or pharyngeal processes, between the 4th and the 9th weeks of embryonic life[1]. These anomalies are considered common, presenting prevalence of 1/1000 births in Brazil. Clefts are divided into four categories: pre-foramen incisor, which involves the lip, alveolar ridge, and premaxilla, and may be unilateral, bilateral or median, and complete or incomplete; post-foramen incisor, which affects the uvula and palate, totally or partially, and may complete or incomplete, but generally median; trans-foramen incisor, which comprises the lip, alveolar ridge, and the entire palate, unilaterally or bilaterally; and rare clefts of the face, which involve the lower lip or the nose, and may be oblique or transverse[3]
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