Abstract

Symmetry plays a major role in Western music. The first portion of this discussion reveals how the symmetry operations of translation, reflection, and rotation manifest themselves in melodic material. The second portion discusses how symmetry operations are often used by a composer to set up expectation in the listener, only to prevent fulfillment of that expectation through denial of larger-scale symmetrical relations. The possible reasons for the presence of symmetry in music, and of the expectation-denial (“love–hate”) relationship, are considered in light of their crucial roles.

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