Abstract
Switchable-hydrophilicity solvents (SHSs) signify a new era of environmentally friendly substances, offering distinct advantages in microextraction within intricate matrices. Possessing physicochemical properties that can swiftly and reversibly shift between two opposing forms, the most prevalent SHSs primarily involve a polarity change. This unique characteristic seamlessly enables the solvent to transition between hydrophobic and hydrophilic states during microextraction. Noteworthy examples of SHSs include secondary and tertiary amines and medium-chain fatty acids. This review delves into the applications of amines and fatty acids-based SHS in liquid-phase microextraction (LPME) procedures for metal and metalloid determination. Providing a comprehensive and critical assessment of the current state of the art, it emphasizes the significant potential of SHSs in analyzing these chemical species across diverse matrices. The exploration highlights the efficacy of this class of solvents in the microextraction context, showcasing the advantages inherent in their unique properties.
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