Sustainable engineering of plant-synthesized TiO2 nanocatalysts: Diagnosis, properties and their photocatalytic performance in removing of methylene blue dye from effluent. A review

Abstract

Water resources have been exposed to many kinds of pollutants in the last decades. These contaminants included inorganic and organic substances, such as heavy metals, plastics, herbicides, pesticides, antibiotics, and dyes. Because of the developing textile industry, pigments have been spread out over the environment extensively, especially in the aquatic system, which impacts the organisms' life. Further, it is considered as a longlife threat because of its resistancy to degradation by microorganisms. In this review many aspects have been illustrated related to synthesis, characterization, and mechanism degradation of Methylene blue dye of plant based titanium oxide nanoparticles and the variation of properties of synthesized nanoparticles using different parts of plant. The article also explains several techniques used for synthesis of titanium dioxide nanoparticles and their efficiency and drawbacks in details. Further, compare the conventional methods to the green based techniques and how the green approach is more advantageous and efficient. Besides, the spectroscopic and microscopic techniques used in characterization of green prepared titanium nanoparticles have been exhibited in details. Moreover, it viewed the proposed mechanism of photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants in aqueous medium in assistance of visible and ultraviolet light to mineralize the organic pollutant to less toxic species. In this regard, an attempt was made to congregate the various reports on green synthesis of TiO2NPs using extract of various parts of the plant, their characterizations using different spectroscopic, microscopic techniques, and their efficient action in the removal of methylene blue (MB) dye from the effluent.