Phytogenic synthesis of gold nanoparticles and applications for removal of methylene blue dye: A review

Abstract

Abstract Clean and ample supplies of water for better health, society, economy, and environment are crucial. Industrial revolutions have substantially polluted the environment and we are facing intimidating challenges in meeting rising demands of potable and safe water for society and the environment. One of the stern causes for pollution of water bodies is the dumping of industrial effluents without proper treatment in water reservoirs and has become a concern for the whole world and international bodies. Amid, the dumping of effluent containing different dyes by textile, dyeing, printing, and paper industries are threatening. Nanotechnology plays a crucial role in using its remarkable applications to keep the environment safe and clean by eradicating venomous and unsafe materials from nature. Nanotechnology is an excellent tool to degrade the unwanted and harmful materials extant in essential water sources used by humans and animals. There are various kinds of nanomaterials explored for the successful removal of pollutant from water very effectively due to their unique properties like greater surface area, shapes, and ability to work at low concentrations, etc. The nanostructured catalytic membranes, nanosorbents and nanophotocatalyst based approaches to remove pollutants from wastewater are eco-friendly and efficient. In this review article, attempt was made to congregate the various reports on green synthesis of Au nanoparticles (Au NPs) using extract of various parts of plant, their characterizations using different spectroscopic, microscopic techniques and applications for removal of methylene blue (MB) dye from the solution.