Abstract
Focus is on scientific and economic background, and implementation of resource savingmeasures in the municipal economy, which would allow significant reduction of negativeimpacts on the environment caused by municipal facilities and other infrastructures, as well asto increase economic efficiency in municipal economy through resources and financial flowsmanagement. The new approach to the evaluation of resource saving technologies for needsof municipal economy has been developed on basics of economics and environmentalindicators.The aim of this research paper is twofold: (I) to determine precautionary measures leading toreduction in public water use, and (2) to develop appropriate indicators and criteria forassessing the sustainability of measures for minimization of water use. The proposedindicators will help owners of office buildings and investors to make decision inimplementation of such environmentally sound technologies as resource saving measures. Inorder to achieve the goal of this research, extensive analysis of data was done. Principal datasources were the Ukrainian National Surface Water Monitoring reports, provided by RegionalOffice of the National Hydro-meteorological Service in Kharkiv, databases on point sourcesemission provided by Kharkiv Municipal Water Works (Municipal Enterprise "KP 'Yoda"')and Wastewater Treatment Facilities (Municipal Enterprise "Kharkivkomunochystvod"), datafrom the Kharkiv Municipal Energy and Heat Supply Company ("Kharkivteploenergo"), andthe State Committee of Statistics' year fact books.Options for dealing with water minimization are generated according such approaches aschanges of human behavior, water control implementation and water saving technologiesintroduction. Criteria were developed by the result of preliminary research of waterminimization factors. The approach to criteria development is based on hierarchy, consistingof small number of high level primary criteria, which would cascade down to a large numberof more specific, secondary criteria. According to the chosen criteria the necessary datashould be collected to use records, individual and group interviews, social survey. After thedata collection, indicators development the procedure of the decision support will be doneusing the multi-criteria analysis.
Highlights
The urban areas with high density of population demand dramatically large quantities of energy, water, and raw materials
Effective urban water management should include accountability for harm course, planning based on well-defined goals and criteria, and consideration of all possible means in the environmental impact assessment Decision-making process should endorse a precautionary approach to risk management and, in particular, should proceed to the adoption of the appropriate precautionary measures
The aim of this research paper is twofold: (I) to determine precautionary measures leading to reduction in public water use, and (2) to develop appropriate indicators and criteria for assessing the sustainability of measures for minimisation of water use
Summary
The urban areas with high density of population demand dramatically large quantities of energy, water, and raw materials. This usually turns into environmental pollution, ecosystems degradation, natural resources deficit and allocation. Water is a crucially important issue in urban planning, livelihood security, resources allocation, food supply, and access to sanitation. Water quantity and quality are important aspects of water management concerning the pollution control as economic and environmental safety of any country. Due to intensive exploitation and inadequate pollution control many of big cities are facing degradation of natural water resources. Effective urban water management should include accountability for harm course, planning based on well-defined goals and criteria, and consideration of all possible means in the environmental impact assessment Decision-making process should endorse a precautionary approach to risk management and, in particular, should proceed to the adoption of the appropriate precautionary measures
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