Sustainability Assessment of Economic and Environmental Impacts: A Critical Systems Thinking Approach to Tackle Complex Environmental Challenges

Abstract

Complex and interconnected vicious cycles of problems such as climate change, epidemics, poverty, and pollution create wicked environmental challenges. These transcend both conceptual and spatial boundaries, presenting a formidable challenge to contemporary society. Recognizing the diverse perspectives held by different quality individuals, this paper explores the necessity of involving key stakeholders in decision-making processes to effectively address these challenges. However, the exclusion of stakeholders from power-sharing mechanisms within existing social systems is a significant impediment. To address these multifaceted issues, an additional focus on emancipatory commitment and methodologies is required. One approach that holds promise in this regard is Ulrich's critical systems heuristics, a critical systems methodology that provides practical tools for achieving the goal. Through a comprehensive case analysis of a gas blow-out tragedy, this paper explores the application of critical systems heuristics and underscores the importance of extending its use beyond planning situations to encompass a critical evaluation of existing institutions. Introducing the contextual background of the mishap, it explores the extensive social, economic, political, and environmental consequences resulting from the incident. It highlights the fundamental cause of the wicked problem and employs the critical systems approach as a prospective tool to augment accountability and involve stakeholders in overcoming such wicked socio-environmental challenges.