Abstract
Fish and meat production and processing will grow drastically in the coming decades. In aquacultural systems, insects are gaining interest as feed to provide a sustainable alternative to the fishmeal paradox, whose production leads to high consumption of resources and negative environmental impacts. Within the scope of this study, the production of fish feed from Hermetia illucens larvae and Lemna minor in an inline recirculating aquaponics model for urban sites was developed and optimized, which efficiently combines waste and environmental service concepts in one production system. At the same time, the value chain produces high-quality, market-accessible raw materials for the fish feed industry. All investigations were accompanied by a comparative Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) to measure and compare ecological effects to finally result in sustainable alternatives. The results achieved in this research show that fish feed based on Hermetia illucens and Lemna minor can have the potential to be ecologically competitive or more sustainable than standard feed. It should be noted that the comparison here represents the results of the project on a pilot scale. Various optimization potentials were shown, which are essential for the large-scale implementation of the breeding of both species as well as their processing up to the fish feed pellets.
Highlights
Published: 1 July 2021Aquaculture is a centuries-old activity that has developed gradually, frequently by expanding on traditional information, progress acquired through farmers’ interests, needs, positive experiences, and mistakes, or collaboration
This study focuses on the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of feed production
An initial evaluation was made with the yield obtained by supplying LM cultures with BSFL excreta
Summary
Aquaculture is a centuries-old activity that has developed gradually, frequently by expanding on traditional information, progress acquired through farmers’ interests, needs, positive experiences, and mistakes, or collaboration. It has extended for a long time, incorporated with its natural, social, financial, and cultural environments. There have been unwanted ecological effects at the local, regional and worldwide levels These adverse impacts incorporate social conflicts between land users and water resources and the obliteration of significant ecosystem services. Numerous sustainability challenges have become progressively reducing and new ones have arisen, which put human well-being, economic prosperity, our general public, and the environment in danger. To confront these challenges and advance towards a sustainable Europe by Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations
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