Surgical ciliated cyst of the maxilla: Report of two cases

Abstract

AbstractAimsSurgical ciliated cyst of the maxilla is a rare lesion that can develop as a delayed complication of surgical procedures involving the maxillary‐malar complex. We report two new cases of surgical ciliated cyst of the maxilla.Material and MethodsThis is a report of two cases of surgical ciliated cyst of maxilla that occurred 10 and 12 years after trauma and orthognathic surgeries, respectively, being the last a recurrent lesion. Both patients complained of a unilateral painful swelling in the face and had, on the computed tomography images, a well‐circumscribed unilocular hypodense lesion in the maxillary sinus. In the first case, there was a communication with the orbit floor and fenestration of the anterior wall of the maxilla.ResultsThe histopathological examination of both lesions showed cysts lined by a ciliated cylindrical pseudostratified epithelium and stratified squamous epithelium. The first lesion also presented areas of cubic epithelium and some mucous cells. The fibrous wall of the cysts showed chronic inflammatory infiltrate and hyaline acellular areas. The cysts were enucleated and there is no evidence of recurrence after one year (first case) and three years (second case) of follow‐up.ConclusionDespite the low prevalence of the surgical ciliated cyst, surgeons, clinicians and pathologists must be aware of this lesion and it should be included in the differential diagnosis of maxillary cysts in patients with a previous local surgery.