Abstract
Along with recent advances in rigid fixation, the adaptation and expansion of craniofacial surgical access technique has significantly improved the management of facial skeletal trauma. Four surgical approaches—coronal, transconjunctival, maxillary gingival buccal sulcus, and mandibular gingival buccal sulcus—provide access to the entire craniofacial skeleton while avoiding additional soft-tissue deformities or marring scars. Added modifications to these techniques widen exposure to adjacent subsites, thus enhancing the surgeon's ability to employ rigid fixation through concealed incisions. Recent applications of endoscopic technique to facial skeletal trauma provide an additional means of repair with minimal associated morbidities. These endoscopic approaches may become an important component of the facial trauma surgeon's armamentarium in the future. Along with recent advances in rigid fixation, the adaptation and expansion of craniofacial surgical access technique has significantly improved the management of facial skeletal trauma. Four surgical approaches—coronal, transconjunctival, maxillary gingival buccal sulcus, and mandibular gingival buccal sulcus—provide access to the entire craniofacial skeleton while avoiding additional soft-tissue deformities or marring scars. Added modifications to these techniques widen exposure to adjacent subsites, thus enhancing the surgeon's ability to employ rigid fixation through concealed incisions. Recent applications of endoscopic technique to facial skeletal trauma provide an additional means of repair with minimal associated morbidities. These endoscopic approaches may become an important component of the facial trauma surgeon's armamentarium in the future.
Published Version
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