Surgery with postoperative radiotherapy for pN2 head and neck squamous cell carcinoma

Abstract

Conclusion: Factors that affected prognosis were T stage and extracapsular spread in patients that underwent primary surgery with postoperative radiotherapy for pN2 head and neck carcinoma. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine treatment outcomes and define prognostic factors for pN2 head and neck carcinoma. Methods: A total of 209 patients underwent surgery with postoperative radiotherapy between 1994 and 2011. Primary tumor sites were the oropharynx (n = 70), hypopharynx (n = 48), larynx (n = 47), and oral cavity (n = 44). There were 21, 83, 60, and 45 patients with stage T1 to T4 cancers, respectively. The N stages were 20 N2a, 129 N2b, and 60 N2c. Results: The recurrence rate was 40% (83/209) over a mean observation period of 39 months. The 5-year disease-free survival (DFS), disease-specific survival (DSS), and overall survival (OS) rates in our cohort were 44%, 60%, and 56%, respectively. The presence of advanced T stage or extracapsular spread had a significant adverse effect on 5-year DFS, DSS, and OS rates according to Kaplan–Meier survival curves. Multivariate Cox regression analysis confirmed the significant association between 5-year DSS rate and advanced T stage (hazard ratio (HR), 2.20; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.26–3.82; p = 0.005) and extracapsular spread (HR, 2.29; 95% CI, 1.24–4.21; p = 0.008).