Abstract

Stress field in unconsolidated granular media is very complex and directly affects elastic wave velocities. The state of stress in granular media can be explored using two limiting cases, hydrostatic state of stress and uniaxial state of stress. Effective media modeling of granular packs predicts that the presence of uniaxial stress field, caused by vertical loading, the granular pack will become anisotropic. In this study we investigate the effects of the state of stress on surface wave’s phase velocity. Specifically, the anisotropy associated with non-hydrostatic state of stress is considered. Both Rayleigh waves and Love waves behavior is explored using synthetic models and compared to multi component field data, acquired on a sand dune. Surface wave phase velocities derived from the multi component experiment compare favorably with numerical simulations of granular packs under uniaxial state of stress. This comparison supports the idea that in a sand dune vertical stress is much greater than horizontal stress and that anisotropy should be considered when analyzing data in unconsolidated near surface materials.

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